Ivanov M.P., StepanovB.G.
Presented below are the results of experimental studies of the biosensor system of dolphins using acoustic channel for search and identification of underwater objects as well as for orientation in three dimensional space and underwater communications between individuals. The dolphin’s (Tursiops trunсatus) sonar func-tioning in complicated conditions of acoustic noise of the dolphin sonar is analyzed. It is shown that the basic mechanisms that provide noise immunity of the dolphin sonar are: the radiation of broadband pulses with zero carrier, use of burst (accumulation), burst rate variable repetition (time selection), and burst with interval-time coding. Possible ways of constructing of broadband underwater transducers and arrays capable to radiate acoustic signals similar to echolocation impulses of cetaceans are considered. Analyzed in the paper is functioning of two electrically operated models of broadband transducers: rod with phased excitation of sections and waveguide type transducer in the form of a coaxial set of piezoactive rings. Some results of solving synthesis and analysis problems for the above models of transducers are presented. It is shown that these transducers provide bandwidth, respectively, 1.5–2 octaves and 2–3 octaves and more.
